Biotechnology is the use of biological processes to produce products that humans need. Biological processes are an immense spectrum of possibilities. When appropriate organisms are used to make various products, they can produce a variety of substances useful to man as fuel, medicines, and food. It has emerged as a field that combines the principles of biology with physics, chemistry, and mathematics to create new products. Biotechnologists also use various techniques that mimic natural processes.
Gene therapy is an exciting application of this. It involves the insertion of modified or normal genes into animals or humans. The purpose of gene therapy varies, but the general idea is to develop genetic lines of animals with useful characteristics that can serve as model organisms for human diseases and secrete substances for human therapeutics. The research is widely used to cure diseases and clean up the environment. If it works, it can be applied to a range of industries.
As per report published by Coherent Market Insights, Biotechnology Marketto Reach US$ 1,303.1 Billion by 2027.
A dual-use dilemma often arises in this technology when the same research project has potential for both good and bad. For example, the genetic sequence of the 1918 influenza A (H1N1) virus was published in Science magazine in 2005. While this information may help scientists combat the next pandemic, it could also be exploited by bioterrorists to create a new disease. Therefore, critics of this often invoke the precautionary principle, which claims that biotechnologies are risky until proven otherwise. Other applications of biotechnology are in food production. New foods have been developed that are resistant to different viruses and pests.
Some scientists have also developed biotechnology-friendly plants to combat pests and stress factors. There are also new vaccines for diseases such as hepatitis B and malaria that are available. Other applications include creating smart materials. Smart materials, such as self-healing concrete and plants that change color. A synthetic spider web can be used in clothing or footwear. The development of biotechnologies can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a factor that contributes to global warming.
